Sufism of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama‘ah (ASWAJA) Scholars of the Nusantara: A Comparative Study of the Thought of Shaykh Arsyad al-Banjari, Shaykh Nawawi al-Bantani, and Kiai Haji Hasyim Asy‘ari
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69900/ag.v6i1.554Keywords:
Sufism, Aswaja, Nusantara Scholars, EthicsAbstract
Tasawuf memiliki posisi strategis dalam membentuk karakter keislaman masyarakat Nusantara yang moderat, toleran, dan beradab. Artikel ini mengkaji secara komparatif pemikiran tiga ulama besar Nusantara, Syekh Arsyad al-Banjari, Syekh Nawawi al-Bantani, dan KH. Hasyim Asy’ari dalam bingkai Ahlussunnah wal Jama‘ah (Aswaja). Penelitian dilakukan melalui studi pustaka dengan menelaah karya-karya primer serta literatur sekunder yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga ulama menempatkan tasawuf sebagai dimensi penyempurna syariat, dengan corak tasawuf akhlaqi yang menekankan penyucian jiwa, pembentukan adab, serta integrasi antara syariat, akhlak, dan praktik spiritual. Syekh Arsyad al-Banjari menekankan tazkiyatun nafs berbasis kepatuhan syariat; Syekh Nawawi al-Bantani menegaskan tasawuf yang berorientasi pada akhlak ihsani dan tanggung jawab sosial; sedangkan KH. Hasyim Asy’ari menempatkan tasawuf sebagai fondasi pendidikan moral dan adab santri, khususnya dalam tradisi pesantren. Secara komparatif, ketiganya memiliki orientasi yang selaras pada moderasi beragama, penolakan ekstremisme tasawuf, dan penguatan etika sosial. Relevansi pemikiran mereka sangat signifikan dalam menjawab tantangan kontemporer seperti degradasi moral, disrupsi digital, radikalisme, hingga problem kesehatan mental. Dengan demikian, tasawuf ulama Nusantara dalam perspektif Aswaja tidak hanya bernilai historis, tetapi juga menjadi paradigma transformatif bagi pengembangan spiritualitas dan pendidikan Islam masa kini.
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